Bird Strike Deterrent Prototype Based On Esp32 Microcontroller And Pir Sensor Using Audio At Yogyakarta International Airport

Abstract

The presence of birds in airport runway areas poses a threat to flight safety during both take off and landing, as it may result in bird strike incidents. At Yogyakarta International Airport, bird control is carried out through manual patrols using operational vehicles equipped with speakers that broadcast predator sounds. However, this method is time-consuming and may become less effective under adverse weather conditions. Therefore, an automated bird-deterrent system is needed to assist airport personnel in reducing the risk of bird strikes. This final project aims to design and develop a bird-deterrent prototype based on an ESP32 microcontroller and Passive Infrared (PIR) sensors using predator audio as the output. The prototype utilizes four PIR sensors for motion detection, an ESP32 as the main controller, a relay as an electronic switch, an MP3 player module for audio playback, a TDA2030 amplifier to amplify the audio signal, a speaker as the audio output, and an LCD to display the system status. When the PIR sensors detect motion, the ESP32 processes the input signal and activates the relay, allowing the MP3 player to play predator sounds through the speakers amplified by the TDA2030 amplifier. The results show that the prototype was successfully designed and tested through limited-scale simulations in accordance with the research objectives. The PIR sensors were able to detect motion within a maximum range of 4.5 meters and transmit the signal to the ESP32, enabling the relay to be controlled automatically. Testing and simulation results confirmed that the hardware and software were successfully integrated and operated according to the system design. The developed prototype can serve as an alternative solution to the problems identified in this study and may be further developed for future implementation by airport authorities